KPV

KPV is a C-terminal tripeptide of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) — Lys-Pro-Val — studied for NF-κB pathway modulation and anti-inflammatory signalling in intestinal epithelial and immune cell assay models.

As the minimal active fragment of α-MSH, KPV provides researchers with a tool to study the structural requirements for α-MSH anti-inflammatory activity. Comparisons between the full peptide, KPV alone, and MC1R-selective antagonist combinations allow attribution of inflammatory readouts to receptor-dependent versus receptor-independent pathways.

In research literature, KPV is generally treated as a C-terminal tripeptide of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) — Lys-Pro-Val — studied for NF-κB pathway modulation and anti-inflammatory signalling in intestinal epithelial and immune cell assay models. KPV represents the C-terminal tridecapeptide domain of α-MSH (residues 11–13) and retains anti-inflammatory activity in cell models despite being unable to bind classical MCRs at the nanomolar concentrations that engage full-length α-MSH. Its mechanism is proposed to involve direct nuclear entry (facilitated by the Lys residue) and inhibition of NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation, thereby reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine gene transcription in a receptor-independent manner. This MCR-independent mechanism is relevant to research comparing KPV against MC1R-dependent anti-inflammatory controls and against classical NF-κB inhibitors such as IκB kinase (IKK) inhibitors.

As the minimal active fragment of α-MSH, KPV provides researchers with a tool to study the structural requirements for α-MSH anti-inflammatory activity. Comparisons between the full peptide, KPV alone, and MC1R-selective antagonist combinations allow attribution of inflammatory readouts to receptor-dependent versus receptor-independent pathways. For laboratory teams, the practical emphasis is usually on sequence identity, receptor or pathway relevance where documented, and whether KPV behaves consistently across stability, purity, and analytical verification workflows. Variant labels on this page support clearer internal referencing when multiple labelled variants are under review.

If a product-specific file is not attached to this listing, the wider COA library remains the correct reference point for current published documentation. The COA section is useful for confirming how the product is labelled in the catalogue, whether purity information has been published, and whether the laboratory record for the material is complete before bench use.

When teams compare KPV with TB-500, MOTS-c, and AOD-9604, COA access also helps keep comparator decisions grounded in documented material identity rather than assumption. That is especially important for research pages that combine pricing, variant selection, and analytical records on a single URL.